diagram ingram: audio

Showing posts with label audio. Show all posts

Tuesday, October 8, 2013

AUDIO SCHEMATIC AND ROUTING ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM

It shows the connection and wiring between each parts and component of audio system of the vehicle such as the alternator, ignition switch, antenna meter, tail, audio, front speaker, rear speaker, tweeter speaker, and many more.

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Tuesday, July 9, 2013

Simple Mini Audio Amplifier circuit

Description

Here is a simple and humble 2 Watts mini audio amplifier circuit suitable for small pocket radios and other portable audio gadgets.The circuit is based on Phillips Semiconductors IC TDA 7052.The amplifier can be run even from a 3V Mercury button cell.This makes it ideal for battery operated gadgets.

The IC TDA7052 is a mono output amplifier coming in a 8-lead DI package (DIP). The device is mainly designed for battery-operated portable audio circuits. The features of TDA 7052 include ,no external components needed, no switch-on or switch-off click sounds , great overall stability ,very low power consumption(quiescent current 4mA) , low THD, no heat sinks required and short-circuit proof.

The gain of TDA 7052 is fixed internally at 40 dB. . To compensate the reduction of output power due to low voltage supply the TDA7052 uses the Bridge-Tied-Load principle (BTL) which can provide an output of around 1 to 2 W Rms(THD = 10%) into an 8 Ohm load with a power supply of 6 V.

In the circuit the potentiometer can be used to control the volume. Capacitor C1 and C2 are meant for filtering the supply voltage if a battery eliminator is used as supply source. For operations using a battery C1 and C2 are not necessary.

Mini Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram with Parts List:

Notes.

Assemble the circuit on a good quality PCB or common board .
If you are a little expert, you can assemble the circuit in a match box including the speaker.

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Saturday, April 13, 2013

Sensitive Audio Power Meter

As a follow-up to the straightforward audio energy meter described in [1], the author has developed a more delicate model. In follow, you rarely use more than 1 watt of audio energy in a standard living-room surroundings. The best time the basic public use extra is at a celebration when they want to exhibit how loud their stereo gadget is, through which case peaks of more than 10 W will no longer be wonderful. With this circuit, the twin LED starts to gentle up green at round 0.1 watt into 8 ohms (0.2 watt into 4 ohms). Naturally, this is decided by the specific form of LED that's used.

Circuit diagram:
$\"Sensitive$

Sensitive Audio Power Meter Circuit Diagram

Here it is essential to make use of a low current kind. The capacitor is first charged by implys of D1 after which discharged by means of the fairway LED. This voltage-doubler effect increases the sensitivity of the circuit. Above a level of 1 watt, the transistor limits the current in the path of the green LED and the crimson LED con ducts enough to provide an orange hue.The pink colour predominates above 5 watts. Of route, that you can additionally use two separate ‘normal’ LEDs. However, this arrangement can't generate an orange hue. For any testing that could be necessary, you must use generator with a DC-coupled output. If there is a capacitor in the output path, it may presumably lead to misleading consequences.

Reference: Simple Audio Power Meter, Elektor July & August 2008.

Author : Michiel Ter Burg Streampowers

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Thursday, April 11, 2013

Moduler Audio Preamplifier

High Quality, Discrete Components Design, Input and Tone Control Modules

To complement the 60 Watt MosFet Audio Amplifier a High Quality Preamplifier design was necessary. A discrete components topology, using + and - 24V supply rails was chosen, keeping the transistor count to the minimum, but still allowing low noise, very low distortion and high input overload margin. Obviously, the modules forming this preamplifier can be used in different combinations and drive different power amplifiers, provided the following stages present a reasonably high input impedance (i.e. higher than 10KOhm).

Main Module:

If a Tone Control facility is not needed, the Preamplifier will be formed by the Main Module only. Its input will be connected to some sort of changeover switch, in order to allow several audio reproduction devices to be connected, e.g. CD player, Tuner, Tape Recorder, iPod, MiniDisc etc. The total amount and type of inputs is left to the choice of the home constructor. The output of the Main Module will be connected to a 22K Log. potentiometer (dual gang if a stereo preamp was planned). The central and ground leads of this potentiometer must be connected to the power amplifier input.

Main Module Circuit diagram:

Parts:
R1_____________1K5 1/4W Resistor
R2_____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R3_____________18K 1/4W Resistor
R4_____________330R 1/4W Resistor
R5_____________39K 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________56R 1/4W Resistor
R7,R10_________10K 1/4W Resistors
R8_____________33K 1/4W Resistor
R9_____________150R 1/4W Resistor
R11____________ 6K8 1/4W Resistor
R12,R13________100R 1/4W Resistors
R14____________100K 1/4W Resistor
C1_____________220nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C2_____________220pF 63V Polystyrene or ceramic Capacitor
C3_____________1nF 63V Polyester or ceramic Capacitor
C4,C7__________47µF 50V Electrolytic Capacitors
C5,C6__________100µF 50V Electrolytic Capacitors
Q1,Q2__________BC550C 45V 100mA Low noise High gain NPN Transistors
Q3_____________BC556 65V 100mA PNP Transistor
Q4_____________BC546 65V 100mA NPN Transistor

Tone Control Module:

This Module employs an unusual topology, still maintaining the basic op-amp circuitry of the Main Module with a few changes in resistor values. A special feature of this circuit is the use of six ways switches instead of the more common potentiometers: in this way, precise "tone flat" setting, or preset dB steps in bass and treble boost or cut can be obtained. Tone Control switches also allow a more precise channel matching when a stereo configuration is used, avoiding the frequent poor alignment accuracy presented by common ganged potentiometers. Six ways (two poles for stereo) rotary switches were chosen for this purpose as easily available. This dictated the unusual "asymmetrical" configuration of three positions for boost, one for flat and two for cut.

This choice was based on the fact that tone controls are used in practice more for frequency boosting than for cutting purposes. In any case, +5dB +10dB and +15dB of bass boost and -3dB and -10dB of bass cut were provided. Treble boost was also set to +5dB +10dB and +15dB and treble cut to -3.5dB and -9dB. Those wishing to use common potentiometers in the usual way for Tone Controls may use the circuit shown enclosed in the dashed box (bottom-right of the Tone Control Module circuit diagram) to replace switched controls. The Tone Control Module should usually be placed after the Main Input Module, and the volume control inserted between the Tone Control Module output and the power amplifier input. Alternatively, the volume control can also be placed between Main Input Module and Tone Control Module, at will. Furthermore, the position of these two modules can be also interchanged.

Tone Control Module Circuit diagram:

Parts:
R1,R7___________47K 1/4W Resistors
R2_____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R3______________18K 1/4W Resistor
R4_____________330R 1/4W Resistor
R5______________39K 1/4W Resistor
R6______________56R 1/4W Resistor
R8_____________150R 1/4W Resistor
R9______________10K 1/4W Resistor
R10,R16__________6K8 1/4W Resistors
R11,R12________100R 1/4W Resistors
R13____________100K 1/4W Resistor
R14______________1K5 1/4W Resistor
R15,R21,R22______4K7 1/4W Resistors
R17,R24,R26______8K2 1/4W Resistors
R18______________3K3 1/4W Resistor
R19______________1K 1/4W Resistor
R20____________470R 1/4W Resistor
R23,R25_________12K 1/4W Resistors
R27,R28__________4K7 1/4W Resistors
C1_____________220nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C2_______________1nF 63V Polyester or ceramic Capacitor
C3,C6___________47µF 50V Electrolytic Capacitors
C4,C5__________100µF 50V Electrolytic Capacitors
C7______________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C8,C9__________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
Q1,Q2_________BC550C 45V 100mA Low noise High gain NPN Transistors
Q3____________BC556 65V 100mA PNP Transistor
Q4____________BC546 65V 100mA NPN Transistor
SW1,SW2_______2 poles 6 ways Rotary Switches
Simpler, alternative Tone Control parts:
P1______________22K Linear Potentiometer
P2______________47K Linear Potentiometer
R29,R30________470R 1/4W Resistors
R31,R32__________4K7 1/4W Resistors
C10_____________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C11,C12________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors

Power supply:

The preamplifier must be feed by a dual-rail, +24 and -24V 50mA dc power supply. This is easily achieved by using a 48V 3VA center-tapped mains transformer, a 100V 1A bridge rectifier and a couple of 2200µF 50V smoothing capacitors. To these components two 24V IC regulators must be added: a 7824 (or 78L24) for the positive rail and a 7924 (or 79L24) for the negative one. The diagram of such a power supply is the same of that used in the Headphone Amplifier, but the voltages of the secondary winding of the transformer, smoothing capacitors and IC regulators must be uprated. Alternatively, the dc voltage can be directly derived from the dc supply rails of the power amplifier, provided that both 24V regulators are added.

Note:

If this preamplifier is used as a separate, stand-alone device, thus requiring a cable connection to the power amplifier, some kind of output short-circuit protection is needed, due to possible shorts caused by incorrect plugging. The simplest solution is to wire a 3K3 1/4W resistor in series to the output capacitor of the last module (i.e. the module having its output connected to the preamp main output socket).

Technical data:

Main Module Input sensitivity:: 250mV RMS for 1V RMS output
Tone Control Module Input sensitivity:: 1V RMS for 1V RMS output
Maximum output voltage:: 13.4V RMS into 100K load, 11.3V RMS into 22K load, 8.8V RMS into 10K load
Frequency response:: flat from 20Hz to 20KHz
Total harmonic distortion @ 1KHz:: 1V RMS 0.002% 5V RMS 0.003% 7V RMS 0.003%
Total harmonic distortion @10KHz:: 1V RMS 0.003% 5V RMS 0.008% 7V RMS 0.01%

Source :http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/moduler-audio-preamplifier.html

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Monday, April 8, 2013

Tips and Tricks on Audio Power Amplifier Circuit

Amplilfier power series from the beginning until now did not experience any changes. Some say this series is good, but the series was good fitting assembly and tested the results are not as we expected.

The problem is usually treble is less subtle, less sound, sound breaking, buzz, middle of the field tested the bass sound is lost. so you do not have to believe what people 100%. The quality amplifier built-up would differ greatly with the amplifier assembly, a series can be the same but the quality will depend on who manufacture it.

Here are a few tricks to try

How to cope with a buzzing sound

Power amplifiers are often used in the field blazer. This circuit is said said person is a bell assembly. But you do not immediately interested in this power, the circuit rather complicated and difficult to understand reflect the intelligence of people who first mendisainnya. In my opinion a great power is the power of simple, inexpensive, easily assembled and rational. You do not need to use expensive components such as the price of tantalum capacitors, power mosfet and the other expensive. This does not determine the quality of the power amp so that we raft. Power of sometimes causing buzzing, to overcome that is by holding the line input jack ground to the ground with 10-22 ohm resistors. So do not just take the ground input from the ground but held first with the R 10 ohms.

How to setting bias trimpot

Rotate the trimpot bias (if any) until the drain current of 50-100mA on each power transistor, in order to avoid defects treble in volume in the top position at 10. The risks are so panassss heatsink! (This setting marks on plate A-AB)

Offset trimpot setting

At the time of input without a signal, turn the trimpot so that the voltage on the speaker offsets actually read 0 volts. If you do not want to bother, use and entrust it with ic type series from Hitachi HA17741 IC brand quality or other! This is the heart of the series, 90-95% of quality is determined from the IC circuit this!

Overcoming the voice

Use pre-amp circuit to increase the signal of at least 2 times. normally and should pre-amp circuit uses IC op-amps with +12 V minimum supply-12V. Raise his mid tone!

If hard you do not want to just use the tone control circuit IC is his mid!

The secret is not in his mid tone alone, but the signal output from the IC op-amps are usually large.

Treble rupture

Excessive treble will damage the power amp, power rather than out even ngedrop. Handle, attach the filter capacitor on the input 1NF power amp to ground to ensure the signal is not disabled. Always use a quality active components such as ICs and transistors, 500 price difference will also be different results.

Use a large cable and short as possible, especially for leg power transistor, and this transistor should be directly soldered to the pcb.

Missing bass in field

Usually power for field use supplay CT 50V 50V transformer, or at least 42V 42V ct. The greater the greater the supply voltage watt channeled though the series is written only 300-400 Watts only. This course uses Elko capacitors with voltage 80-100V. 10.000uF/100V capacitor will be equal to 4X10.000uF/50V and of course voltage capacitor is filled with full / almost full.

Try to use a strong Elko at temperatures of 105 C. Capacitors are strong in supply of more than nominal voltage is written on his body. For example 4700uF/50V 85C capacitor will quickly explode in voltage 51V 85C. And Elko will be strong 105C 4700uF/50V voltage supplied more than 50V at a temperature of 85C. Elco so that it does not quickly explode if given the full voltage, keep its temperature as cold as possible, fan with the cool air.

For speaker

Try using a driver speakers that have a large spool diameter fitted with a suitable size bok. Usually included examples of the parameters / dimensions bok. Size bok bok2 usually larger than that sold in the market. if you force using bok that from this market, use driver type G12-80 (sorry no fear brand called promotion) speakers with bass tones to wall size small. Bok wall should be thick, strong and do not forget glued! Bok who will not be glued with a different sound, especially bass tones, prove it!

Heat Sensor

The form of transistor, the transistor is usually type BD139 MJE340 or it could be located in the center, flanked by a pair of transistors having a certain equal. These transistors must be mounted on the main heatsink to detect the heat generated by power transistors. It acts to lower bias currents at the hot heatsink. So what heatsink and power transistors must be set diposisi hot? Yes objectives nothing to prevent the signal from the defect (in class A or AB), with consequent heat. This class is not necessary and will not be felt if you only want the bass tones only. Goal setting on. AB grade is still crystal clear sound even though the maximum volume positioned rotated (in the middle of the field).

It is unlikely, but its closer.

Large heatsink

Not only electrolytic capacitors are more explosive at high temperatures, power transistors can also break away under stress break the original. For example 2SC5200 transistors have the break voltage of 230Vdc, but if temperaturya high voltage values will break his fall well below this value, resulting in faster transistor is damaged. Use of heatsink and cooling fan is very important not only to reduce the heat, more than it can prevent the transistor from break / damaged and weakened output. Increasingly hot temperatures will be more or less ability. Use of this cooling is expected for the components remain fresh, fit and durability.

Choice Component

Power Transistor

There are so many types and models of these transistors, for example MJ15003 MJ15024-4 and-5 from Motorola, but unfortunately these components are not manufactured by Motorola again but from ON semiconductor. Transistor model jengkol usually stronger in the high temperature, probably due to more airtight. 2SC5200 from Toshiba, this transistor is equal dalamannya Sanken 2SC2922 Korea, and both will break if the temperature is too hot. 2SC2922 Sanken issued tin granules when heated, this weakness, the Japanese technology is better than Korean technology. 2SC3281, this transistor is the most popular and frequently used in professional amplifier, but Toshiba does not produce much, if still there in the market, then it most likely is fake!

Transfomer

There are two models of the transformer which is often used, namely EI model (box / conventional) and the model toroid (ring / donut). Some say the toroid transformer model is better because it has a smaller flux leak, in fact the same. Circuits that are sensitive to this flux is high berpenguatan circuits like pre-amp head and mic pre-amp. The circuit is usually installed horizontally / flat parallel to the structure of a conventional transformer wire so that a series of emails received reverberation is greater. Unlike the model toroid transformer is arranged in a vertical wire their email so that the wires are perpendicular to circuit kits The effect is the flux of the pre-amp kit receive a smaller head. To solve for this flux does not enter the series is by downloading shelding / fortified with non-magnetic plate such as aluminum plate and copper plate / sheet pcb board. Plate is of course connected to ground via a cable. To match the flux in a vertical transmission, the conventional transformer needs to be installed side (the side be side down) so that the arrangement of transformer wire stand upright, this method is often used in built-up POWER2. Voltage 50V 50V CT can be obtained by combining the two transformer 25VCT25V, CT is not used, the foot 25V 50V so that the legs be made only to CT, bringing the total number is 100V or 50VCT50V. It deserves used for pwr amp powerless over 400Watt.

Resistor 5 Watt

Resistor on the power transistor legs are usually valued at 0.5 ohm 5 Watt white square. If we dismantle dalamannya it appears there was a circular aluminum wire. It resembles the inductor, the inductive reactance inductor will be higher when fed a high-frequency fractions so that treble tone will be weakened and deformed. Power required to remove the high notes (treble) of course greater, there is a problem here. The use of R 0.5/5W on its home-based power amplifier ok-ok only. But often do not realize the cause of damage to the speakers and power amplifiers is the high treble tones. Treble is not out but was hit by a pwr amp so arising is hot and damaged. We recommend using common Watt resistor 2 12:47 - 1 ohm parallel 2 so that counted 4 Watt. Or if you use 0:22 ohm 2 Watt Resitor unnecessary because the voltage clamp diparalel quite half (one R 0.5/5W replaced one R 0.22/2W) its ok.

Fuse

Nature damage to semiconductor materials / transistor power amplifier is short, if you use a supply that is high enough then the destruction of these transistors will invite their partners to be damaged as well. In order for the destruction of this transitor congregation not need the installation of fuses. 1.5A per power transistor is considered sufficient.

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Thursday, April 4, 2013

Audio Clipping Indicator Circuit

This is a design circuit can be used to identify whether there is a clipping in a particular wave form. Clipping is a phenomenon in which the amplitude of a particular waveform drops before it reaches the expected limit. This circuit glows an LED as an indication if the signal under test has clipping. The circuit is very useful in sorting out distortion problems in amplifiers. This is a figure of the schematic.

The circuit is based on a window comparator based on the two op amps inside the IC1 (TL082). Operation this circuit is based on the circuit detects the positive or negative peak value reached by the input signal. The output of the op amp is combined by the two diodes D1 & D2 and drives the transistor Q1 to glow the LED.

The capacitor C5 is employed to induce a small time delay in order to detect very fast and short peaks. The POT R1 can be used to set the level of clipping at which the LED has to glow. The circuit can be used with almost all sorts of mixers, power amplifiers and preamplifiers. The circuit can be powered from a 9V PP3 battery. The POT R5 can be use to calibrate the circuit.

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Monday, April 1, 2013

Miniature Audio Oscillator Circuit

This circuit is designed as a pocket sized high performance audio oscillator. This circuit can operated using battery operated version was possible and could be made at very low cost as well by using one quad op-amp to provide the entire active circuitry. This is the complete figure for design circuit.

In the figure, there are only two control pots (RV1 and RV2) and two DPDT switches. The output level pot includes an on-off switch and is of logarithmic taper to allow easier setting at low (i.e. millivolt) levels. This pot is directly coupled to A4s output to minimize response errors, provided that the load impedance is constant or quite high compared to the output impedance provided by Miniosc. The frequency sweep control (RV1A/B) has a range of about 24:1 and in combination with the High-Low range switch having a 18:1 ratio, the audio band is covered (with the exception of the lowest octave) in two overlapping ranges. The possibility of a single sweep of the audio band without the range switch was tried out and later dropped in preference to the present design.

Types like the TL074, TL084, LF347 and LF444 and other quad op-amps with compatible pin outs are not recommended for use due to both the increased battery drain and reduced margin of minimum operating voltage. The TL064 is alone in having operation specified down to a plus and minus 3 volt supply. [Schematic’s circuit source: Phill Allison Notes].

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Wednesday, March 27, 2013

DC Coupled Audio Amplifier

Designs for audio amplifiers with DC coupling to the load are not often encountered these days, even though they offer definite advantages. One advantage is that there is no need for the complication of a second (symmetric) power supply; another is good frequency and phase response. Also, no special electrolytic capacitors are needed for voltage stabilisation, and switch-on ‘thump’ is much reduced. To try to rescue this class of circuit from obscurity the author has designed a headphone amplifier working along the lines illustrated in Figure 1.

DC-Coupled Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram

It consists of a voltage divider, a voltage follower and the loudspeaker in the headphones, whose other side is connected to the junction of two electrolytic capacitors, providing the virtual earth. The potential at this point is, of course, half the supply voltage. All we need to do now is suitably couple in the audio signal to be amplified. Figure 2 shows a practical realisation of this idea in the form of a stereo headphone amplifier. The amplifier itself consists of IC1 and P1, R3 and R4 (giving a gain of 11).

DC Coupled Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram

This part of the circuit demands no further explanation, and the same goes for the voltage divider mentioned above, formed by R1a and R1b. The signal is coupled in via the potentiometers. C2 and R2 have a special purpose: C2 connects the bottom end of the potentiometers (ground for the input signal) to the virtual earth. However, this capacitor creates a feedback path which can lead to oscillation of the amplifier under some circumstances. R2 damps this tendency to oscillate.

It is possible to calculate suitable values for these components, but it is better to determine them by experiment. C2 must be sufficiently large that stray electric fields do not cause unacceptable hum at the output. R2 must be sufficiently large that the voltage at the amplifier’s virtual earth stabilises quickly enough after switch-on. The polarity of the electrolytic is unimportant as no significant voltage appears across the network. It is possible to try the circuit out with the C2/R2 network shorted and observe the behaviour of the circuit at switch-on using an oscilloscope. Depending on the degree of asymmetry in the circuit, the voltage at the virtual earth point can take a considerable time to stabilise.

source: http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/dc-coupled-audio-amplifier.html

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